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Objective:To develop a prone position management program and evaluate its effectiveness in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in children with congenital heart disease combined with acute respiratory distress syndrome, in order to provide experience for clinical application.Methods:This was a quasi-experimental study. Convenient sampling method was used to select children with congenital heart defect who underwent mechanical ventilation in the Cardiothoracic Surgical Care Unit of Shanghai Children′s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine from June 2018 to December 2021 as the study subjects. The control group consisted of 80 hospitalized children from June 2018 to December 2019. They were used general nursing interventions to prevent VAP. The 42 hospitalized children from January 2020 to December 2021 were the intervention group, who usd the prone position management program on the basis of the control group. The differences in the incidence of VAP, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU stay, oxygenation index and the incidence of adverse events between the two groups were compared.Results:The incidence of VAP and mechanical ventilation duration in the intervention group were 4.8% (2/42) and 67.50 (55.00/101.50), which were lower than 35.0% (28/80) and 92.50 (68.00/142.00) of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( χ2=11.98, Z=3.40, both P<0.01). And the trend of increasing oxygenation index with the intervention group was better than the control group ( F=8.38, P<0.05). There was no statistical difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The application of prone ventilation program with congenital heart disease children complicated with acute respiratory distress syndrome is safe and can significantly improve the oxygenation index, shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation and reduce the incidence of VAP.
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Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight tandem mass spectrometry(UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed in this study to observe the effect of Huaihua Powder on the serum metabolites of mice with ulcerative colitis and reveal the mechanism of Huaihua Powder in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. The mouse model of ulcerative colitis was established by dextran sodium sulfate salt(DSS). The therapeutic effect of Huaihua Powder on ulcerative colitis was preliminarily evaluated based on the disease activity index(DAI), colon appearance, colon tissue morphology, and the content of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6(IL-6), and interleukin-1β(IL-1β). UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to profile the endogenous metabolites of serum samples in blank control group, model group, and low-, medium-, and high-dose Huaihua Powder groups. Multivariate analyses such as principal component analysis(PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA) were performed for pattern recognition. Potential biomarkers were screened by Mass Profiler Professional(MPP) B.14.00 with the thresholds of fold change≥2 and P<0.05. The metabolic pathways were enriched by MetaboAnalyst 5.0. The results showed that Huaihua Powder significantly improved the general state and colon tissue morphology of mice with ulcerative colitis, reduced DAI, and lowered the levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β in serum. A total of 38 potential biomarkers were predicted to be related to the regulatory effect of Huaihua Powder, which were mainly involved in glycerophospholipid metabolism, glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism, mutual transformation of glucuronic acid, and glutathione metabolism. This study employed metabolomics to analyze the mechanism of Huaihua Powder in the treatment of ulcerative colitis, laying a foundation for the further research.
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Mice , Animals , Colitis, Ulcerative/metabolism , Powders , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism , Interleukin-6/metabolism , Metabolomics , Colon , Disease Models, Animal , Biomarkers , Dextran Sulfate/therapeutic useABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of Gegen Qinliantang （GQL） on vulnerable plaque of atherosclerosis based on the macrophage pyroptosis mediated by nuclear factor （NF）-κB/NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）/cysteine-aspartic acid protease （Caspase）-1 pathway. MethodA total of 12 normal C57BL/6CNC mice were used as the control group， and 60 ApoE-/- mice of the same line were randomized into 5 groups： model group， low-dose， medium-dose， and high-dose GQL groups （GQL-D， GQL-Z， GQL-G groups， respectively）， and western medicine group. The control group and model group were given （ig） equal volume sterile distilled， and GQL-D， GQL-Z， GQL-G and western medicine groups received （ig） corresponding concentration of drugs for 8 weeks. Aortic plaques were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining. Serum levels of interleukin （IL）-1β and IL-18 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， protein levels of macrophage mannose receptor （CD206）/apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD （ASC） and CD206/NLRP3 by double-labeling immunofluorescence， and C-terminal gasdermin D （GSDMD）， N-terminal GSDMD， NLRP3， pro-cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 1 （pro-Caspase-1） and NF-κB p65 by Western blot. ResultCompared with the control group， model group demonstrated serious pathological changes， rise of the levels of serum IL-1β and IL-18 and tissue ASC， NLRP3， C-terminal GSDMD， N-terminal GSDMD， pro-Caspase-1， and NF-κB p65， and decrease of CD206 level （P<0.05）. As compared with model group， the administration groups showed alleviation of the lesions in aortic wall， decrease in levels of serum IL-1β and IL-18 and tissue ASC， NLRP3， C-terminal GSDMD， N-terminal GSDMD， pro-Caspase-1， and NF-κB p65， and rise of CD206 level， with significant difference between some groups （P<0.05）. ConclusionGegen Qinliantang alleviates vulnerable plaque of atherosclerosis by regulating NF-κB/NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway and further relieving macrophage pyroptosis.
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ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism underlying the intervention of Gegen Qinliantang （GQL） in vulnerable plaques in atherosclerosis （AS） of ApoE-/- mice by regulating the polarization of macrophages. MethodTwelve normal C57BL/6CNC mice were used as the control group， and 60 ApoE-/- mice of the same line were randomized into 5 groups： model group， low-dose， middle-dose， and high-dose GQL groups （GQL-D， GQL-Z， and GQL-G groups， respectively）， and atorvastatin group （western medicine group）. High-fat diet was used for modeling. The control group and the model group were given （ig） equal volume of sterile distilled water， and GQL-D， GQL-Z， GQL-G， and western medicine groups received （ig） corresponding concentration of drugs for 8 weeks. The levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， high-density lipoprotein cholesterol （HDL-C）， and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） were detected with biochemical methods. The distribution of plaques in the aortic region was observed based on oil red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining. Serum levels of M1 pro-inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor （TNF）-α and interleukin （IL）-6 and M2 anti-inflammatory factors IL-13 and transforming growth factor （TGF）-β were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Protein expression of macrophage mannose receptor CD206/arginase-1 （Arg-1） and CD206/inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） was determined by double-labeling immunofluorescence， and mRNA expression of aortic Arg-1 and iNOS by real-time polymerase chain reaction （PCR）. ResultLevels of TG， TC， and LDL-C were significantly lower and HDL-C level was significantly higher in the GQL-Z， GQL-G， and western medicine groups than in the model group. As the concentration of GQL rose， the area with plaques gradually shrunk and the color became lighter. The staining areas of the GQL-G group and the western medicine group were the most scattered. The administration groups showed significant increase in the protein levels of Arg-1 and CD206， significant decrease in the protein level of iNOS， significant rise of Arg-1 mRNA level， and significant drop of iNOS mRNA level （P<0.05）. ConclusionGQL intervenes in the vulnerable plaques in AS by improving lipid metabolism， inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization， promoting macrophage M2 polarization， and further improving the inflammatory microenvironment.
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Background Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) is a serious occupational disease. Whether ferroptosis, a form of necrotic regulated cell death, is involved in coal dust induced mouse models of CWP needs further survey. Objective This experiment is designed to elucidate the role of ferroptosis in the formation of CWP induced by coal dust in mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to a saline group or a CWP group, with eight mice in each group. The mice were treated with 0.1 mL normal saline or 0.1 mL coal dust suspensions (50g·L-1) via intra-tracheal instillation. HE staining and Masson staining were used to show lung injury and lung fibrosis. Iron concentration in mouse lung tissues was measured using iron assay kit. Lipid peroxidation was estimated in lung tissues by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and immunofluorescence intensity, and the ratio of glutathione (GSH) to L-glutathione oxidized (GSSG). Western blotting and real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR were used to test protein and mRNA expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and ferritin in mice. Results Coal dust injured pulmonary structure, thickened alveolar wall, and caused collagen deposition and infiltration of inflammatory cells in the CWP group. The iron concentration in the CWP group [(10.75 ± 5.42) mg·L−1] was higher than that in the saline group [(1.14 ± 0.37) mg·L−1] (P < 0.01). The MDA concentration in the CWP group [(37.32 ± 12.18) μmol·L−1] was higher than that in the saline group [(18.70 ± 8.22) μmol·L−1] (P <0.01). The immunofluorescence intensity of MDA in the CWP group was stronger than that in the saline group. The GSH/GSSG ratio decreased in CWP treated mice (1.50 ± 1.70) compared with the normal saline treated ones (4.95 ± 2.86) (P < 0.01). Compared with the saline group (38.84 ± 15.61 for GPX4, 225.90 ± 54.34 for ferritin), the relative expression levels of GPX4 and ferritin mRNA in the CWP group were downregulated (14.29 ± 7.21 for GPX4, 106.70 ± 36.70 for ferritin) (P < 0.01). Compared with the saline group (1.47 ± 0.54 for GPX4, 1.73 ± 0.34 for ferritin), the relative expression levels of GPX4 and ferritin protein in the CWP group were also downregulated (0.92 ± 0.22 for GPX4, 0.97 ± 0.09 for ferritin) (P < 0.05). Conclusion Ferroptosis may be involved in the formation of coal workers' pneumoconiosis induced by coal dust in mice.
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OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effects of femtosecond laser treated microgrooved surface on microscopic topography, phase transformation, and three-points flexural strength of zirconia, and to provide reference for surface microstructure optimization of zirconia implant.@*METHODS@#According to different surface treatment methods, 57 computer aided design/computer aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) zirconia bars (20.0 mm×4.0 mm×1.4 mm) were evenly divided into three groups: sintered group, no treatment after sintering, taken as control; sandblasted group, sandblasted with 110 μm aluminium oxide (Al2O3) after sintering; microgrooved group, femtosecond laser fabricated microgrooves with 50 μm width, 30 μm depth, and 100 μm pitch. Surface microscopic topography was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and 3D laser microscope. Further, surface roughness in each group and microgroove size were measured. Crystal phase was analyzed with X-ray diffraction. Specimens were subjected to three- points flexural strength test, and Weibull distribution was used to analyze their strength characteristics.@*RESULTS@#SEM showed that sintered surface was flat with clear grain structure; sandblasted surface exihibited bumps and holes with sharp margins and irregular shape; microgrooves were regularly aligned without evident defect, and nano-scale particles were observed on the surface inside of the microgrooves. Ra value of microgrooved group [(9.42±0.28)] μm was significantly higher than that of sandblasted group [(1.04±0.03) μm] and sintered group [(0.60±0.04) μm], and there was statistical difference between sandblasted group and sintered group (P < 0.001). The microgroove size was precise with (49.75±1.24) μm width, (30.85±1.02) μm depth, and (100.58±1.94) μm pitch. Crystal phase analysis showed that monoclinic volume fraction of sandblasted group (18.17%) was much higher than that of sintered group (1.55%), while microgrooved group (2.21%) was similar with sintered group. The flexural strength of sandblasted group (986.22±163.25) MPa had no statistical difference with that of sintered group (946.46±134.15) MPa (P=0.847), but the strength in microgrooved group (547.92±30.89) MPa dropped significantly compared with the other two groups (P < 0.001). Weibull modulus of sintered, sandblasted, microgrooved groups were 7.89, 6.98, and 23.46, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#Femtosecond laser was able to form micro/nanostructured microgrooves on zirconia surface, which deleteriously affected the flexural strength of zirconia.
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Humans , Ceramics , Dental Materials , Flexural Strength , Lasers , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Surface Properties , Yttrium , ZirconiumABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To compare the therapeutic effect of electro-nape-acupuncture (ENA) combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and single HBOT on refractory flat descending idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).@*METHODS@#A total of 78 patients were randomized into an ENA combined with HBOT (ENA+HBOT) group and a HBOT group, 39 cases in each one. Patients in both groups were treated with oral extract of ginkgo biloba leaves and mecobalamin tablets. On the basis of the conventional medication treatment, HBOT was adopt in the HBOT group. On the basis of the treatment in the HBOT group, electro-nape-acupuncture was applied at Fengchi (GB 20), Gongxue (Extra), Zhongzhu (TE 3), Waiguan (TE 5) and Yifeng (TE 17), Tinggong (SI 19), Tinghui (GB 2) and the vertigo-auditory area of affected side in the ENA+HBOT group. Pulse acupuncture instrument was connected at Fengchi (GB 20) and Gongxue (Extra) for 30 min (with continuous wave, 2 Hz in frequency), the needles were retained for another 30 min after electroaupuncture. The treatment was given once a day, 6 times a week for 4 weeks in both groups. Before the treatment and 2,4 weeks into the treatment, the average auditory threshold, the scores of tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) and dizziness handicap inventory (DHI) were observed, and the therapeutic effect was evaluated in both groups.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the average auditory threshold, the scores of THI and DHI of 2,4 weeks into the treatment were decreased in both groups (0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Electro-nape- acupuncture can improve the mean auditory threshold and the symptoms of tinnitus and dizziness in patients with refractory flat descending idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
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Humans , Acupuncture Therapy , Dizziness , Therapeutics , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Therapeutics , Hearing Loss, Sudden , Therapeutics , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Plant Extracts , Therapeutic Uses , Tinnitus , Therapeutics , Treatment Outcome , Vitamin B 12 , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
Objective::To identify and analyze the chemical constituents in Bufei Jianpi formula by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS. Method::An Agilent Poroshell SB-C18 column (4.6 mm×100 mm, 2.7 μm) was used with a mobile phase system of 0.1% formic acid solution (A)-acetonitrile (B) for gradient elution (0-10 min, 3%B; 10-100 min, 3%-50%B; 100-120 min, 50%-100%B) under positive ion mode and water (A)-acetonitrile (B) for gradient elution (0-5 min, 3%B; 5-60 min, 3%-100%B) under negative ion mode, the flow rate was 0.6 mL·min-1, and the column temperature was 30 ℃. Mass spectrometric data were obtained under electrospray inoization (ESI) in positive and negative ion modes, the collection range was m/z 50-1 000.Agilent MassHunter Qualitative Analysis software was used to extract and match chromatographic peaks. Result::Combined with reference, related literature and database analysis, 95 compounds were identified by mass spectrometry information, including 41 flavonoids, 23 alkaloids, 12 lignans, 9 organic acids, and 10 other compounds. Conclusion::The chemical composition of Bufei Jianpi formula is complex, and the cracking rules of different components are different. Flavonoids are prone to deglycosylation, dehydration, Diels-Alder reaction (RDA) cleavage of the ring during lysis, and loss of some neutral molecules such as CO, CO2, CHO. Lignans has a substituent such as a hydroxyl group, a carbonyl group or a methoxy group on the benzene ring, and it is easy to obtain a fragment ion which loses H2O or CO. The basic structure of organic acids is a phenolic hydroxyl group-substituted aromatic ring, acrylic acid, fatty acid or the like, this kind of compound is easy to lose H2O and COOH in negative ion mode, and it is easy to break at the carbonyl to form fragment ions. This established method is rapid, sensitive and accurate, which can quickly identify the chemical constituents in Bufei Jianpi formula and provide evidences for clarifying efficacy material base of this formula.
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The chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compounds is complex, the treatment is broad, and the quality control indexes cannot accurately reflect the functional properties. According to the above problems, the authors take the research process of quality markers of Qizhiweitong granules as an example to innovate the research ideas and technical methods, and constructed five progressive steps of TCM compounds quality control and evaluation model: "based on function, to figure out the attending", "components and pharmacodynamics correlation, multiple components with multiple effects", "to analyze the components, and systematically integrate them", "spectrum and effect correlation, from a spectrum to see the efficiency", and "from the content-effect colour atla to see the quality". Based on the multiple effects of components, multiple components of multi-effect pharmacological efficacy evaluation system were established. All-time isobaric multiwavelength fusion fingerprint technology was improved and developed. "Spectrum-effect colour atla" software was research and developed for the first time, to realize the "visualization" of TCM efficacy. The aim of this work is to provide an exploratory solution for the integrated quality control of TCM compounds.
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Objective:To define the anti-gastric cancer activity in vitro of petroleum ether fraction of Boehmeria nivea root and reveal the material basis of its efficacy, so as to lay the foundation for the development and utilization of B. nivea root. Method:Methyl thiazolyl tetraolium(MTT) method was used to evaluate the inhibitory rate and time-dose relationship of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root with different doses and delivery times on human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the change of cell apoptosis and cell cycle after petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root acted on human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells. GC-MS was used to detect the components of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root. Result:Experiment data showed significant cell proliferation inhibition in an obvious time-dose-effect manner, with statistically significant differences (PB. nivea root. The effect of petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root on human gastric cancer HGC-27 cells could induce apoptosis,which affects the normal changes of cell cycle. The percentage of cells was decreased significantly in G0/G1 phase,and that in S phase was significantly increased. GC-MS was used to identify 26 chemical constituents in petroleum ether of B. nivea root,including sitosterol and stigmasterol. Conclusion:Petroleum ether fraction of B. nivea root is the active anti-gastric cancer part,and its main effective component is sterol compounds. This lays the foundation for the rational application of B. nivea root in clinic and the further research in tis anti-tumor effect.
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Objective:To study on the chemical constituents of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis,and to analyze the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis on cervical cancer HeLa cells. Method:UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to qualitatively analyze the composition of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis.The appropriate concentration and time of administration were screened by 3 dimensional(3D) microfluidic chip.Flow cytometry was used to determine the effect of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis on the cell cycle and apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells and analyzed by FlowJo v10.0.7 and ModFit LT 3.2 software.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was used to determine the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-A and Caspase-3 factors in cervical cancer HeLa cells supernatant treated with total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis. Result:Total of 15 components in total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis were identified or inferred.The low,medium and high dosages of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis were 0.5,1.0, 2.0 g·L-1 and the best time of administration was 36 h.The proportions of early and late apoptosis of cervical cancer HeLa cells increased significantly in the apoptosis analysis after being treated by total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis.The DNA synthesis early phase(G0/G1 phase) of cervical cancer HeLa cells significantly increased,and the DNA synthesis phase(S phase) and the DNA synthesis late phase(G2/M phase) reduced.After being treated with total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis,the expression of VEGF-A in cervical cancer HeLa cells supernatant was significantly decreased and the expression of Caspase-3 was significantly increased. Conclusion:Spatholobi Caulis is rich in tannins,which can significantly inhibit the proliferation of cervical cancer HeLa cells and promote its apoptosis.This paper can provide the basis for further research of total tannins from Spatholobi Caulis.
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Objective@#To compare the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in treating children with primary refractory nephrotic syndrome.@*Methods@#Conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in 62 pediatric patients (including 44 boys and 18 girls), age ranged from 2.1 to 17.0 years; 32 cases presented with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) and 30 cases presented with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), who were admitted to department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from October 2013 to October 2015. The patients received either mycophenolate mofetil (20-30)mg/(kg·d) or cyclosporine A (3-5)mg/(kg·d) randomly, on the basis of prednisone treatment. Follow-up interview was conducted regularly for at least one year. Efficacy rate, relapse rate, time required for induction of remission, relapse-free period and prednisone dosage were compared between the two groups.@*Results@#(1) Renal histologic examination, which was available for 17 patients, revealed minimal change disease in 8 patients, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) in five, membranous nephropathy in two, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in two. (2) Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with FRNS: There were 14 patients with FRNS in mycophenolate mofetil group and 18 patients with FRNS in cyclosporine A group respectively. The relapse rate (episodes/year) in cyclosporine A group was lower than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (1.0 (0.0, 1.0) vs. 1.0 (1.0, 3.0), Z=-2.405, P=0.016). The relapse-free period (months) in cyclosporine A group was longer than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (10.0 (5.7, 12.1) vs. 5.0 (1.0, 11.0), Z=-1.984, P=0.047). No significant difference in dosage of prednisone was found between cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil groups when followed up for 1 year. (3) Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with SRNS: The efficacy rate was 6/14 in mycophenolate mofetil group and 13/16 in cyclosporine A group. The complete remission rate was 4/14 in mycophenolate mofetil group and 12/16 in cyclosporine A group (P<0.05). The time (months) required for induction of remission in cyclosporine A group was significantly shorter than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (1.0 (1.0, 2.0) vs. 3.0 (2.5, 4.0), Z=-2.529, P=0.011). No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to relapse-free period and relapse rate. (4) Except that one patient developed hypertensive encephalopathy in cyclosporine A group, no other serious adverse events were recorded. There were no significant differences between two groups with respect to adverse events.@*Conclusion@#Our results indicated that both mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A were effective in the treatment of children with refractory nephrotic syndrome. Cyclosporine A was superior to mycophenolate mofetil in preventing relapses in patients with FRNS and inducing complete remission in patients with SRNS. Although most patients were able to tolerate mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A, but the toxicity and safety of cyclosporine A should be monitored closely.
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This study was designed to elucidate the chemical composition and anti-cancer effects of Schizonepeta tenuifolia's ethanol extracts. Microfluidic technology was used in the study of Schizonepeta tenuifolia from 9 different geographic regions. The ethanol extracts were examined with HPLC to establish their Fingerprints in order to analyze the relationship between the spectrum and efficacy index through Grey Correlation software, and a rapid HPLC-Q-TOF/MS method was established. The result shows that chromatographic peaks of the 19, 6, 11, 16, 18th are the representative diosmetin, luteoloside, hesperidin, luteolin, and apigenin. The 10, 12, 20th peaks may be naringenin-7-O-glucuronide or quercitrin, rosmarinate or acetylcorynoline, and 5,7-dihydroxy-6,4-dimethoxy flavone. The major chemical composition of Schizonepeta tenuifolia was found to have the anti-lung-tumor effects. A new method was established for the quality control of traditional Chinese medicine.
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In order to further clarify the rational use of different medicinal parts of Schizonepeta, microfluidic technology was used in this study to investigate the differences in drug efficacy against lung cancer in vitro. The ethanol extracts were examined with HPLC to establish their fingerprints in order to analyze the relationship between the spectrum and efficacy index through Grey Correlation software, and a rapid HPLC-Q-TOF/MS method was established. The result in vitro shows that the effect and components of different medicinal parts had a certain differences, and apoptosis and necrosis rate from big to small in turn is leaf, flower, root, stem. The chromatographic peaks of the 26, 12, 2, 6 and 15th are the luteolin, icynaroside, rosmarinic, caffeic acid, and hesperidin, while the 20 and 10th may be dan phenolic acid L and benzoic acid. On the one hand, preliminary study reflects that the root of Schizonepeta tenuifolia may be developed into the medicinal parts in future. On the other hand, the major chemical composition of S. tenuifolia was found to have the anti-lung-tumor effects. This new method was established for the quality control and the rational use of different parts of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Objective To investigate the effect of lentivirus-mediated shRNA silencing SFRP5 on proliferation,in-vasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. Methods A SFRP5-knockdown recombinant plasmid was constructed and successfully transfected it into pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1,blank plasmid transfection was treated as negative control and untreated cells as blank control group. The expression of SFRP5 at RNA and protein level in cell were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, CCK-8 assay was applied to examine the effect of SFRP5 silencing on the proliferation, the cell migration of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 was ana-lyzed by Transwell migration assay and cell scratch test was used to examine the cell invasion in PANC-1 cell. Results Stable transfected shRNA-SFRP5 cell of pancreatic cancer line was established successfully.The prolifera-tion capacity of SFRP5 group was significantly higher as compared to the negative control and blank control group by CCK8 assay(P<0.01).Similarly, cell invasion and migration of SFRP5 group were significantly higher compared to the negative control and blank control group(P<0.01). Conclusions SFRP5 lentiviral interference vectors can effectively decrease SFRP5 gene expression in PANC-1 cell of pancreatic cancer, thereby promoting cell proliferation,invasion and migration.
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Objective To investigate the effect of lentivirus-mediated shRNA silencing SFRP5 on proliferation,in-vasion and migration of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1. Methods A SFRP5-knockdown recombinant plasmid was constructed and successfully transfected it into pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1,blank plasmid transfection was treated as negative control and untreated cells as blank control group. The expression of SFRP5 at RNA and protein level in cell were detected by real-time PCR and Western blot, CCK-8 assay was applied to examine the effect of SFRP5 silencing on the proliferation, the cell migration of pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 was ana-lyzed by Transwell migration assay and cell scratch test was used to examine the cell invasion in PANC-1 cell. Results Stable transfected shRNA-SFRP5 cell of pancreatic cancer line was established successfully.The prolifera-tion capacity of SFRP5 group was significantly higher as compared to the negative control and blank control group by CCK8 assay(P<0.01).Similarly, cell invasion and migration of SFRP5 group were significantly higher compared to the negative control and blank control group(P<0.01). Conclusions SFRP5 lentiviral interference vectors can effectively decrease SFRP5 gene expression in PANC-1 cell of pancreatic cancer, thereby promoting cell proliferation,invasion and migration.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence,missed diagnosis rate and causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized children,and its impact on hospitalization cost,length of stay and outcome.Methods The data of children admitted in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from December 1st to 31st 2014 were collected,and those whose serum creatinine (Scr) were measured at least two times were selected.Patients were diagnosed as AKI according to the diagnostic criteria of 2012 Kidney Disease:Improving Global Outcomes,then divided into AKI group and non-AKI group,the former of which was further divided into AKI1 group (Scr peak value in normal range) and AKI2 group (Scr peak value above normal range).The causes and impact of AKI on hospitalization cost,length of stay and outcome in different groups were compared and analyzed.Results (1) Among 921 patients with at least two Scr results,170 patients met with the diagnostic criteria of AKI,including 100 males and 70 females.There were 112(65.9％) in AKI stage 1,43(25.3％) in stage 2,and 15(8.8％) in stage 3.The overall prevalence of AKI was 18.5％.With only 7cases getting diagnosed,the diagnostic rate was 4.1％,while 95.9％ of patients missed diagnosis.(2)Among AKI patients,67 cases had pre-renal causes,103 cases had intra-renal causes and mixed factors.100(58.8％) cases got complete recovery,34(20.0％) cases recovered partially and 36(21.2％)cases did not improve,including 4 cases of death.(3) The prevalence of AKI among those below 1-year old was higher than children elder than 1-year (23.0％ vs 15.5％,P=0.004).The prevalence of AKI in surgical ward was higher than medical ward (30.7％ vs 15.8％,P ＜ 0.001).(4) Compared with those in non-AKI group,there was lower age [1.1(0.2,3.5) year vs 2.0(0.3,4.9) year] and higher hospitalization time[12.5(8.0,20.0) d vs 8.0(6.0,11.0) d],hospitalization costs [25 279.2(13 822.8,48 856.7) yuan vs 12 616.9(8680.1,19 345.1) yuan] and mortality (2.4％ vs 0.3％) in AKI group (all P ＜ 0.05).(5) There were 126 cases in AKL group and 44 cases in AKI2 group.The costs of hospitalization,outcome and mortality showed no difference between two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).The hospitalization time in AKI2 group was shorter than that in AKL group (P=0.038).Conclusions Among hospitalized children the missed diagnosis rate of AKI is high.Pre-renal factor is the main cause of AKI.Children younger than 1-year old are more susceptible to AKI.AKI children have lower age and higher hospitalization time,hospitalization costs and mortality than non-AKI children.The effect of Scr fluctuation within normal levels needs to be further studied.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish the chromatography-efficacy relation method for analyzing the anti-inflammatory activity of Qizhi Weitong particles, in order to lay a foundation for quality control and pharmacodynamic evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine compounds.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>On the basis of a full-time multi-wavelength fusion fingerprint of Qizhi Weitong particles, the latin hypercube sampling was used to divide six herbs in Qizhi Weitong particles into groups of different proportions to determine their inhibition ratios of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and NO released by LPS-induced RAW264. 7 cells. Pharmaeodynamic data and chemical information of HPLC fingerprints of each group were analyzed with the gray correlation method to get the anti-inflammatory effect of each chromatographic peak, and then fitted with BP neural network to establish the chromatography-efficacy relation.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There were 25 peaks closely related to the anti-inflammatory activity. With the 25 peaks as input items, the 3-BP network was adopted to establish the neural network model for anti-inflammatory effect of Qizhi Weitong particles.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With an error of less than 7%, the model could better fit with the complicated non-linear relation of the compound, and applied in studying the chromatography-efficacy relation. In this study on the chromatography-efficacy relation, a new method is established to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of Qizhi Weitong particles. It is of practical significance as an effective approach for controlling quality and exploring the material basis for efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine compounds.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Humans , Mice , Rats , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Chemistry , Cell Line , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Interleukin-6 , Allergy and Immunology , Macrophages , Allergy and Immunology , Neural Networks, Computer , Quality Control , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Stomach Diseases , Drug Therapy , Allergy and Immunology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To control the quality of Qizhiweitong granules with the all-time multi-wavelength fusion fingerprint quantification as the major technique.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Agilent TC-C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) chromatographic column was adopted, with 0.02% formic acid water-acetonitrile as the mobile phase for linear gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL x min(-1), column temperature was 30 degrees C, and detector wavelength was 230, 254, 283 nm. Matlab was adopted for all-time multiple-wavelength fusion for data in dif format.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>A good relationship was shown for albiflorin in 56.5-452 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 8), paeoniflorin in 107-856 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 8), licorice glycoside in 73.4-687 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 8), naringin in 109-872 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 8), neohesperidin in 48.0-384 mg L(-1) (r = 0.999 8), and glycyrrhizic acid in 38.6-308 mg x L(-1) (r = 0.999 8), with recoveries of 0.999 8.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is simple, accurate and highly reproducible, and can provide basis for quality control of Qizhiweitong granules.</p>
Subject(s)
Benzoates , Bridged-Ring Compounds , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Glucosides , Glycosides , Monoterpenes , Quality ControlABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the efficacies of heart rate (HR), mean artery pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) and stroke volume variation (SVV) in assessing low stroke volume index (SVI) caused by volume deficiency in major non-cardiac surgeries. Methods: Twelve patients undergoing sacral or retroperitoneal tumor resection were enrolled in this study. After induction and onset of mechanical ventilation, radial artery was cannulated and connected to FloTrac for BP and SVV monitoring. Swan-Ganz catheter was placed via internal jugular vein into the pulmonary artery for CVP, PAWP, and SVI monitoring. HR, MAP, CVP, PAWP, SVV, and SVI were recorded every 30 min. If phenylephrine was injected within 5 min before the time point for data-record, the record should be postponed to 5 min after the injection. If vasoconstrictor or cardiotonic was injected intravenously and continuously to keep the normal blood pressure, the data-record in this patient should be stopped then, otherwise it should be stopped when the concentration of sevoflurane was turned lower at the end stage of the operation. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of HR, MAP, CVP, PAWP, and SVV were made according to a low stroke volume which was less than 25 ml/m2 and AUC (area under curve) were counted. Results: The AUC of SVV for assessment of a low SVI was 0.837, while AUC of HR, MAP, CVP and PAWP were 0.615, 0.647, 0.623, and 0.658, respectively. The highest Youden's index was at the point when SVV was 9.5% in its ROC curve, with a sensitivity of 82.4% and specificity of 74.6%. Conclusion: SVV is a middle-level effective variable to assess the abnormally low SVI caused by volume deficiency, while HR, MAP, CVP and PAWP have a low efficacy for the same assessment.